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作者:王戏
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发布时间:2026-08-26

妈妈咪呀

俄罗斯更换防长:绍伊古的退与别洛乌索夫的进_我的网站

锵锵三人行

一 |     

Various robots are on display at the 2026 World AI Conference in Shanghai, on July 17, 2026. Photos: VCG
    Various robots are on display at the 2026 World AI Conference in Shanghai, on July 17, 2026. Photos: VCG
When machines begin to think, how should humans coexist with them? When algorithms participate in decision-making, how can security be ensured? When technology challenges ethics, how can governance keep pace? As the divide continues to widen, how can inclusiveness be achieved? 
At the opening ceremony of the 2026 World AI Conference (WAIC) and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance, Chinese President Xi Jinping pointed out that we should always guide AI development with human wisdom and international consensus, so that AI can truly become a mighty force that increases the well-being of humanity and advances human civilization.
In the intelligent era, we share the same planet and must pull together. Standing at the forefront of the times and shouldering the responsibilities of a major country, China is advancing global AI governance in an all-round way, making it deeper and more substantive. From laying down the opening strokes through its own development, to the "broad-brush freehand" of top-level design, and then to the "fine-brush painting" of detailed implementation, China is working to make the dividends of technology benefit the world and to make the bottom line of security clearly visible. This is China's commitment to the world, and also humanity's answer to the future. 
Building a solid foundation for governance through strength at home 
Not long ago, Kimi K3, a new-generation large AI model developed in China, was released as open source and was made available for anyone to download. With 2.8 trillion parameters, it is currently the world's largest open-source model in terms of parameter count.
Kimi K3 is one member of the "China team" in the AI field that have attracted global attention. Six of the world's top 10 applicants for generative AI patents are headquartered in China. The Financial Times has noted that Chinese companies are joining the global front ranks in AI innovation while outperforming their peers in cost efficiency.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to AI development, improving top-level design, strengthening work arrangements, and promoting an overall and systematic leap in China's comprehensive AI strength. 
Data show that the adoption rate of AI technology among China's manufacturing enterprises above designated size has exceeded 30 percent, the core industries of the intelligent economy have grown to more than 1 trillion yuan (about $139 billion), the number of generative AI users has surpassed 600 million, and China has become the world's largest holder of AI patents. China has achieved notable results in AI technological innovation and industrial applications, with its overall strength significantly enhanced.
Standing at the new starting point of the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-30), China is consolidating the foundation for innovation through greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology and embracing the global opportunities through the "AI Plus" initiative. China is entering a prime opportunity to develop its AI. 
This confidence comes from continuous breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields. 
Zhangjiang Science City, where the Zhangjiang Science Hall exhibition area of the 2026 World AI Conference is located, is home to hundreds of companies for chip designing, manufacturing, packaging and testing, with the scale of the industry accounting for about one-fifth of the national total. In the chip sector, which has been affected by external shocks, China has not only blazed a new path through independent innovation and self-reliance, but has also firmly kept the initiative in AI development in its own hands.
"Computing power is the cornerstone of AI development and governance. It concerns not only technological breakthroughs, but also strategic initiative. Only by basing development on independence and controllability, while ensuring inclusiveness and accessibility, can we continuously strengthen the foundation for AI development," Moore Threads founder Zhang Jianzhong said.
This confidence comes from an increasingly vibrant innovation ecosystem. 
With strong support from scientific and technological innovation, AI is being integrated across all areas of China's economy and society, entering ordinary households and bringing tangible benefits to people's livelihoods, making "Intelligent Manufacturing in China" another shining calling card of Chinese modernization. 
In Shunde, South China's Guangdong Province, and Wuhan, Central China's Hubei Province, after Midea's "AI agent factories" introduced SmartMore's AI visual reasoning platform, the pace of inspection came fully in line with the production rhythm. AI now directly participates in production decision-making, rapidly turning large models into productive capacity. 
In Nanchong, Southwest China's Sichuan Province, and Bozhou, East China's Anhui Province, iFLYTEK Healthcare's "AI Medical Assistant" has significantly improved the efficiency and standardization of medical record writing through functions such as structured consultations and intelligent prompts. 
A number of terminal device companies are relying on a well-developed industrial chain support system to accelerate the launch of new-generation products such as smartphones, intelligent robots and smart glasses, enriching market choices and creating new hot spots in information consumption. 
On August 12, Chinese smartphone brand Honor launched the world's first Robot Phone. 
"China has rich and diverse production and everyday-life scenarios as well as integrated software-hardware engineering capabilities, so this has provided excellent conditions for AI to be efficiently translated from needs into actual experience," Honor CEO Li Jian said. 
This confidence comes from institutional guarantee that coordinates development and security.
Recently, Dongbi Tech Data, together with the School of Digital Economy at Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, released the Global Large Language Model Safety Evaluation Report (2026). Using 313 high-risk science and technology questions as the test set, the report assessed the security prevention capabilities of 38 large language models from China and abroad while helping users obtain, understand and use scientific and technological knowledge.
"Currently, society as a whole is paying close attention to issues such as content security and data security arising from the large-scale applications of AI. Balancing development and security, and advancing scientific and technological innovation in parallel with the rule of law in science and technology and the building of ethics and integrity, will further guide large models and the entire AI industry toward positive and beneficial development and sustainable growth," said Zhu Xufeng, dean of the School of Public Policy and Management of Tsinghua University. 
In recent years, the State Council's Guidelines on Further Implementing the "AI Plus" Initiative have explicitly called for establishing and improving systems for AI technology monitoring, risk early warning and emergency response. The Implementation Guidelines on the Standardized Application and Innovative Development of AI Agents have also made clear that the development of AI agents should adhere to the basic principles of safety and controllability, orderliness and standardization, innovation-driven growth and application-oriented traction. China is accelerating efforts to build laws and regulations, policies and institutions, application standards and ethical guidelines that are suited to the evolving trends of AI, strengthening the security foundation for Chinese modernization and contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese approaches to global science and technology governance.
An intelligent grape-picking robot equipped with a high-definition AI vision system moves through a vineyard, harvesting grapes for local farmers in a village in Jinhua, East China's Zhejiang Province, on July 22, 2026.
    An intelligent grape-picking robot equipped with a high-definition AI vision system moves through a vineyard, harvesting grapes for local farmers in a village in Jinhua, East China's Zhejiang Province, on July 22, 2026.
Guiding AI governance with a global vision
A recent commentary from The New York Times likened the development of cutting-edge AI models to two divergent paths. 
"The United States is behaving as though frontier A.I. models could be the equivalent of nuclear weapons, offering an immensely destructive form of power that requires a careful and jealous watch… Meanwhile, China treats the models that its companies produce as the equivalent of nuclear energy, a lower-risk technology to be shared and commercialized to win friends," read the NYT article.
At the heart of these two approaches lies a fundamental difference in how AI is perceived: Is it a strategic asset to be monopolized in a race for dominance, or a public good that should serve humanity?
China's answer is clear and unwavering: Put people first, ensure AI is used for good, and make it a powerful force for shared prosperity and common security.
Xi called for joint efforts to build a just and equitable system for global AI governance, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
This reflects a deeper understanding of technological and historical trends, promoting shared benefits through consultation and wisdom through good governance. It also demonstrates China's commitment to global AI governance, ultimately serving the vision of a community with a shared future for humanity.
Embracing openness and win-win cooperation to drive innovation and empower industries.
China has emerged as one of the world's most active and fastest-growing hubs for open-source AI models. Chinese open-source AI models have been downloaded more than 10 billion times worldwide, while open-source communities such as AtomGit have brought together more than 11 million registered users.
From topping global large-model leaderboards in certain performance metrics, to steadily advancing multimodal capabilities, and to evolving from single intelligent agents into agent clusters, China's large-model innovation and iteration have been accelerating at an unprecedented pace. This has not only given rise to a diverse array of intelligent application scenarios and unlocked new potential for domestic economic growth, but has also driven technological inclusiveness through advantages such as high performance and low cost. Chinese large models have become "productivity tools" favored by developers and users worldwide, as well as benchmarks in global model evaluations and important reference cases for overseas research institutions.
Openness and open source are more than just a technological development model. They embody a broader philosophy of collaboration and coexistence, as well as a commitment to sharing the fruits of development.
China has launched the AI+ International Cooperation Initiative, calling upon all countries to proactively carry out AI+ campaigns in light of their national conditions, enhance policy exchanges and practical cooperation, and share best practices and solutions on the basis of mutual respect and mutual benefit.
The Action Plan for AI Cooperation and Development sets out eight areas of action, including sharing open-source ecosystems, jointly developing rules and standards, strengthening cooperation on safety governance, and ensuring AI is used for good.
China has launched "Fenghe," a large language model for AI-powered meteorological services, and initiated a global open-source program.
Strengthening risk awareness to ensure AI remains safe, controllable and trustworthy.
With a deep understanding of the trends and logic of AI development, we are continuously improving laws, regulations, policies, mechanisms, application norms, as well as ethical principles to make sure that AI is safe, secure and controllable, and that this fine steed of AI gallops with both speed and stability, Xi said, according to Xinhua.
China has put forward the Global AI Governance Initiative, advocating risk-based assessment, stronger laws and regulations, and the development of ethical guidelines. It has called on countries to jointly prevent risks and continuously improve the safety, reliability, controllability and fairness of AI technologies.
China has also released versions 1.0 and 2.0 of its AI Safety Governance Framework, embedding safety requirements throughout the entire process of model development, deployment and application.
The Global AI Governance Action Plan has identified "safety and controllability" as one of its core principles; An international action plan on AI ethics governance has contributed a framework that is both principled and actionable to global AI governance... From defining directions to charting pathways, China continues to provide international public goods, ensuring that the "swift horse" of AI runs both fast and steadily.
Fostering inclusiveness and mutual learning to build a diverse and harmonious global civilization.
Dujiangyan tamed the Minjiang River without dams, nourishing the Chengdu Plain for over 2,000 years. Confucius taught that "Gentlemen seek harmony but not uniformity." Civilizations have their own paths, best pursued through mutual respect and coexistence. 
Drawing on such Eastern wisdom, Lu Zilong, deputy chair of the World Intellectual Property Organization supervision committee, interprets China's coherent approach to AI governance.
Today, the Eastern wisdom is being translated into concrete initiatives. The "cultural interaction engine," developed by the institute for Long-term AI Research Center and the Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, uses AI to uncover links between world cultural heritage sites, presenting the shared values and diversity of human civilization to users in more than 170 countries and regions.
The Milan Winter Olympics has launched the first official LLM in Olympic history, powered by Qwen, a Chinese large model, serving both professional operations and public services, a new era of smart winter sports experiences.
Chinese and Malaysian companies have jointly established a multilingual AI translation center for ASEAN, supporting translations across more than 130 languages and enabling film and television content to be translated in as little as 30 minutes.
From cultural dialogue to sports, from language to human connections, Chinese AI is bridging distances, allowing civilizations to flourish through inclusivity and be revitalized through exchanges.
Promoting solidarity and improving global governance to prevent new historical injustices in the AI era.
During the 2026 WAIC and High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance, the World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization (WAICO) was established, with 38 countries becoming its founding members. 
The blueprint laid out a year ago has now borne fruit. As the world's first intergovernmental international organization on artificial intelligence, WAICO is committed to AI for good and inclusive benefits, adheres to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and is open to all countries, charting a new course and coordinates for global governance in the age of intelligence.
China has sought to translate its sense of responsibility into concrete action. By upholding multilateralism, bringing the international community together and continuously seeking the broadest possible common ground on global AI governance, China is working to ensure that AI can truly become a valuable common asset of all humanity.
Looking to the future, fulfilling the responsibility of governance through action
Looking back at the summer of 1956, the spark of "artificial intelligence" was quietly kindled at a workshop at Dartmouth College in the US. 
Over the past 70 years, AI scientists and researchers around the world have explored the unknown, moved forward through twists and turns, and achieved breakthroughs through perseverance, continuously expanding the boundaries of technology.
History has witnessed Chinese science and technology carving furrows out of barren ground and setting off from a faint glimmer of light. China has progressed from following behind to running alongside others and then to gaining the initiative on more tracks. Every rut and every milestone along the way has deepened its understanding of the power of technology, while also prompting clearer reflection on where the road ahead will lead and how far it can go.
Inclusive development for the benefit of all is the right path forward, and it is a path that grows broader as we travel further. 
Remote control of pond aeration, round-the-clock online monitoring of water-quality parameters, precise feeding by drones... In Takeo Province in southern Cambodia, with support from an integrated smart farm development program implemented by China, an intelligent rice-fish farming model has significantly improved the survival rate and quality of local giant freshwater prawn seedlings. Annual income per hectare has increased from about $1,000 to more than $3,000, bringing real increases to the incomes of local farmers.
In Saraburi Province, Thailand, the Chinese-developed "YUKON" system has equipped a traditional mining area with a "digital brain." From excavators to mining trucks, and from power monitoring to transport routes, this parallel mining operating system, based on an AI large model, can make the optimal allocation of equipment across the entire mine within milliseconds. Efficiency has risen by 16 percent and electricity consumption has fallen by 20 percent.
SCG International General Manager Jirapat Janjerdsak said, "China's AI technology has shown us the possibility of achieving a mine with 'zero casualty, high efficiency and low emissions.'"
Along the Red Sea coast, as the tide recedes, sediment samples are collected into containers. Through China's AI-powered marine drug intelligent screening platform, they become a "seed bank" for new antibacterial agents.
At Djibouti's Doraleh Multi-Purpose Port, extreme weather such as high temperatures, short bursts of heavy rain and sudden strong winds frequently causes disruptions. MAZU, an AI-powered meteorological early-warning solution from China, has helped establish a full-chain early-warning system covering "monitoring, forecasting, warning, services." 
Helping safeguard countless homes and protect peace and safety far and wide, Mohamed Ismail Nour, director general of the Djibouti National Meteorological Agency, said, "Djibouti hopes to steadily advance its economic and social development by drawing on Chinese technologies."
To bridge the digital and intelligent divide, it is better to teach people how to fish than simply give them fish.
Data from the International Telecommunication Union show that about one-third of the world's population still has no access to the internet. The World Bank's Digital Progress and Trends Report 2025: Strengthening AI Foundations shows that low- and middle-income countries lag far behind high-income economies in both the number of AI systems and available computing capacity; a survey by the African Data Centres Association has found that most of the world's data center capacity is concentrated in developed economies, with Africa accounting for less than 1 percent.
Without coordinated intervention, disparities in AI development may further evolve into a digital and intelligent divide, or even a North-South divide, posing new challenges to global development. 
China has held AI capacity-building workshops, launched a special cooperation program on AI science and technology innovation under the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative, developed the "Digital South" brand under the Global Development Project Pool and established the China-ASEAN AI Industry Innovation Center… A series of pragmatic measures have crossed mountains and seas, using Chinese expertise to help countries, particularly those of the Global South, strengthen their capacity building.
The great road takes us far when traveled together; working together, we embark on a new journey. China has announced that over the next five years, it will provide developing countries with 5,000 opportunities in AI training and seminar programs; develop international AI application cooperation centers with the ASEAN, the League of Arab States, the African Union, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and BRICS; and promote the applications of the MAZU AI-powered meteorological early-warning solution in 30 countries.
Standing at a new historical starting point, China is willing to work with all parties with a more open approach, more pragmatic action and a longer-term vision, to seize the opportunities and address the challenges brought by AI development, creating a better future for human society.
This was compiled and translated by the Global Times based on an article originally published on Page 1 of the People's Daily on August 13, 2026.
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据央视新闻客户端援引多方消息,俄罗斯总统普京开始其第五个总统任期后,密集任命及提名多个重要岗位,包括任命绍伊古为俄安全会议秘书、提名别洛乌索夫担任防长等。
俄罗斯总统网站当地时间12日发布消息称,普京签署总统令,任命前国防部长绍伊古为俄罗斯联邦安全会议秘书。

二 | 普京当天还签署总统令,免去帕特鲁舍夫安全会议秘书职务,另有任用。俄联邦委员会(议会上院)12日晚宣布,普京提名此前担任第一副总理的别洛乌索夫为俄国防部长。

俄总统新闻秘书佩斯科夫解释,任命经济学家别洛乌索夫为国防部长出于两大需要:首先,以国防部门为主的“强力部门”开支剧增,从占GDP的3%增至6.7%,俄需要调整“使强力部门的经济与当前动态相匹配”;其次,“战场胜利”需要“创新和前沿技术解决方案”,还需要“最大程度采用新技术和先进理念的人”。“因此,在这个阶段,普京决定由一位经济学家来领导国防部。”他补充说,别洛乌索夫将不会被授予军衔。
俄罗斯国防部“突然换帅”,乌克兰和世界舆论反应不一,但普遍认为这反映出俄罗斯内部试图更仔细地控制国防开支,以确保资金能有效使用。
有分析指出,俄国防部长职位更迭的迫切性,部分源自绍伊古副手、前副部长伊万诺夫涉嫌受贿被捕的余波(报道链接:俄国防部副部长涉嫌受贿被捕,反腐调查负责人:他担任着国防部油水最多的工作),这一丑闻直接触及了军费使用问题。绍伊古自2012年起担任俄国防部长职位,但在俄乌冲突中因战略和指挥能力不足而受到批评。加之先前普里戈任与国防部的矛盾公然爆发,乃至引发瓦格纳“24小时哗变”一事,种种事件交织,导致了今天这一局面的发生。
英国前上校、北约规划专家菲利普·英格拉姆认为,更换国防部长可能是普京试图处理国防部腐败问题的一种方式。

三 | “普京让绍伊古站在一边,同时引进一个可能能够应对整个俄国防部腐败影响的人。

四 | ”他表示。

这一背景下,别洛乌索夫走到了台前。一名消息人士强调,就性格而言,“别洛乌索夫极为低调和内向”。另一名亲近普京和别洛乌索夫的消息人士透露:“他和目前国防部的人完全不同。绍伊古和他的周围人物真的是‘精明的’人物,而别洛乌索夫引领军队的方式完全不同,他很正直,这也是普京认可的。”
据乌克兰经济学家阿列克谢·库什称,别洛乌索夫是“俄罗斯经济适应制裁、经济增长、深层次结构转型中发挥重要作用的人物”。有接近俄政府核心圈的消息人士回忆称,这位经济学家在2014年克里米亚公投“脱乌入俄”中扮演了幕后智囊角色,他曾向普京“证实俄罗斯经济能力”:可以承受克里米亚入俄的军事负担及后续的制裁压力。自2022年起,别洛乌索夫被纳入西方制裁名单。
别洛乌索夫与所有权力集团保持距离,不参加任何派系,也不组建“自己的团队”,一名俄政府机关前工作人员说:“他是普京完全信任的人,以至于普京可以委托他负责全面的军事开支审计。

五 | ”亲近普京和别洛乌索夫的消息人士称:“他是一个绝对不会腐败的人。

六 | ”

别洛乌索夫,现年65岁,1959年3月17日出生于莫斯科。他的父亲,雷姆·别洛乌索夫,在二战期间是一名航空兵,后来成为一名经济学家。老别洛乌索夫在苏联国家计划研究所工作,参与制定了20世纪60年代中期的科西金经济改革。他的母亲艾莉莎则是一名研究稀土元素的放射化学家。
从职业轨迹上看,别洛乌索夫更专注于经济研究和政策制定,远离军队,甚至未曾服过兵役。他的职业旅程起始于预测与分析工作,期间他曾为前总理叶夫根尼·普里马科夫及斯捷帕申献计献策,随后在俄前总理米哈伊尔·弗拉德科夫麾下担任非正式顾问角色。

七 | 在此期间,他创办了宏观经济分析与短期预测中心。

“他是那一代资深经济学家中罕见的、以国家为导向的、有能力的经济学家。

八 | ”芝加哥大学经济学教授康斯坦丁·索宁表示,别洛乌索夫与俄罗斯同辈宏观经济学家不同,他专注于“真实的数字”。

卡内基国际和平基金会的前俄罗斯外交官出身的高级研究员亚历山大·鲍诺夫认为,普京正构思一套结合军工业实力与经济韧性的新战略,通过逐步施压在乌克兰冲突中占据有利位置。
俄罗斯经济学家尼古拉伊·库尔巴卡评论道,任命别洛乌索夫为新国防部长的想法表明,目前俄罗斯“需要(改变)的正是国防综合体的经济组成部分”。但库尔巴卡对这一人事更迭能否触发根本性改革持怀疑态度。

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